A review of research suggests moderate drinking may be healthier than teetotaling

Californians have a reason to cheers this holiday season – a new report from the National Academies of Science, Engineering, and Medicine, who Congress tasked to review the safety of alcohol, released a report this week that shows moderate alcohol consumption is associated with lower all-cause morality rates, in particular, deaths related cardiovascular disease. This is in line with findings from the last Global Burden of Disease report as well, reiterating the value of a rigorous scientific review process.

One or two alcoholic drinks a day may reduce the risk of dying more than completely abstaining, according to a review of existing research by the National Academies of Science, Engineering and Medicine. 

Why it matters
The findings help inform Health and Human Services and the Department of Agriculture in developing guidance on alcohol consumption in the next Dietary Guidelines for Americans, expected in late 2025.

Current guidelines come down on the side of temperance, saying it’s a choice between not at all or moderation and that “drinking less is better for health.” 

What they found
The review, which was ordered up by Congress, looked at multiple studies of light to moderate drinking, defined as two drinks a day for men and one for women.

When it came to cardiovascular health, the moderate use of alcohol was associated with a lower risk of nonfatal heart attacks and strokes, as well as a lower overall risk of death. 

There was some increased risk for breast and colorectal cancer, but no broader conclusion could be made for most other cancers. 

Between the lines
The findings appear to contradict studies and a World Health Organization position that “no amount of alcohol” appears to be safe, largely based on increased cancer risk.

And the National Academies’ conclusions come at a time when regular alcohol use has been falling out of favor, particularly with young adults. 

The bottom line
One thing everyone seems to agree on: heavy drinking — defined as more than three or four drinks a day — should be avoided.

While most doctors won’t be prescribing booze like the old days, those people who do imbibe could derive some benefit if they keep their consumption levels in check.